Castle

As befits the first capital of the nation, Guimarães retains one of the best-preserved castles in the country, constructed in the 10th century, but extensively restored in the 1930s. Afonso Henriques was born here in 1110, so the castle has a symbolic significance for the nation. There are fine views from the narrow, multi-towered ramparts. At the foot of the hill is the 15th-century Paço dos Duques, built by the first Duke of Bragança, a member of the powerful Portuguese family that furnished the country with its monarchs after 1640. The seat of the ducal family was transferred to Vila Viçosa at a later point, and the palace was abandoned. It has since been restored (in the 20th century) and merits a visit for its superior antiques—paintings, furniture, tapestries, porcelain, weapons—and striking chestnut ceilings.